Business Studies - The Production Line

This is the second-to-last work in business studies for this term (term 3) I'm also doing business studies next semester. We researched about "Production Line". I worked with Shiela, who's my friend. We presented ours in a google slideshow presentation.

First, we put the ideas and the information we got in a google doc and then put it in the slideshows.

This is our work.

Hurumanu - Science - Reflection/Refraction

Investigating Refraction - Bending Light

Aim: To investigate how light is affected by changing the substances it is travelling through.

Equipment:

• Ray box
• Power source
• glass or perspex block
• Single-slit ray slide

Method:

Collect the equipment from your teacher and set them up to produce a single beam of light.

Key Words:

Reflection - The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass. 

Refraction - The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another.

Incident ray - The incoming ray.

Reflected ray - The light ray that bounces off a surface.

Refracted ray - The ray that has bent as it enters a new medium. 

Normal line - Imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the surface of a mirror or any surface. 

Angel - The amount of bending that a light ray experiences. 

1. 

Angle of Incidence	Angle of Refraction
10 degrees	6
20 degrees	13
30 degrees	19
40 degrees	23

2.

Angle of Incidence	Angle of Refraction
10 degrees	7
20 degrees	14
30 degrees	20
40 degrees	24

Investigating Refraction Through Lenses - Refraction through lenses

Aim: To investigate how different types of lenses refract light. 

Equipment: 

• Triple-slit ray slide
• Power supply

Method: 

1. Set up a ray box, triple-slit ray slide and power supply. 
2. Place the convex lens in the space below. Place the ray box at the top of the page and shine the three rays of light at the lens. Make sure the central light ray hits the lends at 90 degrees as indicated in the diagram. 
3. Carefully trace the direction of the incoming and refracted rays.
4. Repeat using the concave lens. 

When light passes through a concave lens, the rays converge.

When light passes through a convex lens, the rays diverge.

Cow Eye Dissection - Hurumanu - Science

In Science, we dissected a cow's eye. The first thing we did was we watched a video of how to dissect it and also the parts of its eyes. 

The person dissected it layer by layer. 

Aim: To dissect a cow's eyes. 

Equipment: 

• Tweezer 
• Dissecting Scissors  
• Newspaper
• Cow's eyes
• Newspaper (We didn't have a tray)

Method: 

1. Remove any excess fat surrounding the eye. After cutting the excess fat, you'll see the optic never at the back of the eye.

2. Puncture the corner of the in-between the cornea and the sclera using the sharp end of the dissecting scissor.

3. After putting a small hole, cut around the cornea. After cutting the cornea, you'll see the parts clearer, you'll see the iris, pupil, lens, ciliary body and the vitreous humour.

4. Separate the iris, pupil and the lens to study and see them better. You'll see little details of each three of them.

5. Squeeze the jelly-like liquid called the vitreous humour.

6. Cut the eye in half to see the tapetum lucidum along with the retina and the choroid. 

Findings: 

Each part was very interesting to look at and to study. I think the cow's eye was fresh because the fat is not hard, it's still a bit soft. It was difficult to puncture the eyes because it's very squishy and it bounces back so we had to cut it on the side instead of puncturing, it let the liquids out. 

Eye structure:

• Cornea – a clear, round window at the eyeball front. It allows light into the eye, protects the eye and bends light rays so images can focus on the retina.
• Iris – the coloured part of the eye with the pupil at the centre. Different coloured irises result from different amounts of the pigment melanin. The iris is a muscle that can adjust the pupil size so light can enter, forming a retinal image.
• Pupil – a dark space in the middle of the iris. It enlarges in low light, allowing light in, and it constricts in bright light, reducing the light entering.
• Lens – found behind the iris inside a clear capsule. It bends light, forming an image on the retina. The cornea bends 70% of incoming light and the lens 30%. Fibres hold the lens in place. Looking closely at an object changes fibre tension, causing the lens shape to change to accommodate the object’s distance.
• Optic nerve – nerve fibres connecting the retina and brain. While retinal cells change sight into electrical impulses, the optic nerve sends them to the brain’s visual cortex. The image is upside down but the brain turns it up the right way.
• Retina – a lining inside the back of the eyeball that contains light-sensitive receptors – rods and cones. It receives light rays from the lens, forming an image. These are changed into electrical signals and sent to the brain.

Conclusions:

I find the experiment interesting because I didn't know what a cow's eye nor a person's eyes looked like internally until we dissected it for the experiment. 

The Decade Research Project

We did an activity; the research project for our "Literacy Work". It's about researching events or famous people in every decade that our teacher had set for us to do. We did our presentation in a google slide.
We had to do it in groups, I was with Shiela and Lhysette. The decades starts at the 1900s to 2000s.
I think we collaborated well in our groups, we had a fair amount of work for each person.
I've also learnt a lot of things and have gotten information and interesting facts about the events and/or famous person.

Heroes & Villains - Hurumanu - Power to the People

For the last task, we had to make a poster or advertisement, we can present it in anyhow we like. We had to make a Political Part Poster; slogan and the image of the hero/villain.

I used Canva to make my poster.

I like how mine turned out, it's very aesthetic.

Political Poster/Advert - Hurumanu - Power to the People

I just finished my poster about Kate Sheppard, it's a political poster which visualises the beliefs or what the hero/villain that I chose have. I made my poster using "Canva".

Conclusion: I really liked how my political poster/advert turned out, I think it nicely represents the "Women Power". I liked that the image, colours and the quotes matched together; they all go well together.

Creative Manufacturing - Personal ID Tag

After finishing my "Digital ID Tag", I had to make another one.  There are two choices, a "Personal ID" Tag or a "Maori Jewelry". I decided to make another ID Tag that is dedicated to my country, the Philippines. I got my inspiration from the Philippine Flag which has a lot of meaning to it.

Here are two videos of my creation; the process.

Part 1

Part 2

In the steps, we're going to repeat the same process of shaping the ID Tag.

1. On the shape icon, click the "box" shape then put it on the work mat.

2. Adjust the size, the width has to be 20 and the length has to be 45 long, the height and the radius have to be 5. Change the colour to grey to represent the aluminium's colour.

3. Click the cylinder shape then the length and width have to be 5 including the height.

4. Make sure it's changed to a "hole" instead of a "colour", in order to make a hole on the aluminium/shape, put the cylinder in the shape, select the two shapes together then click the button that connects shapes together, and it will make a hole, put it at the centre of the aluminium. 

5. Click the cylinder shape, this time it has to be in colour mode. Adjust the size, it has to be -4.00 and 35mm small. Make sure it's colour yellow and it has to be 1mm thin.

6. Click the star shape, the colour has to be yellow. Make sure it's as thin as the yellow circle. It has to be 22.00 and 23.00 mm. Duplicate it and rotate it to 109 degrees. Put two stars together with the circle shape in the centre of the two stars. since the circle was too big, change the size to -1.00 - -1.00 mm. 

7. Connect the three shapes together then change the size to 13.00mm and 12.00mm. Put it on the aluminium Id tag. 

8. Click the star shape that has textures it will look like a 4D star. Change the colour to yellow. It has to be 5.00mm on each side then change the height to 1mm. Duplicate it two times and you'll have 3 yellow stars. 

9. Put them all together on the aluminium id tag. 

The finished product.

Like I said on my introduction, this design on my id tag is dedicated to my country's flag, the Philippines.

The shapes have a deeper meaning in the flag. 

The sun represents liberty. 

The 8 rays of the sun represent the first 8 provinces - Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Laguna, Nueva Ecija and Batangas - that revolted against Spain. 

(The rays I have put isn't actually eight because I didn't know how to get rid of the triangles) 

The 3 stars stand for the three big islands in the Philippines, Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao.

Why the Philippine flag? 

I chose the Philippine flag as an inspiration for my project because I want to represent my culture to people by making this project and to show that I am proud to be a Filipino. To inspire people to also be proud with who they are, regardless of their skin, culture, race and beliefs. 

My Design Process 

https://www.teachengineering.org/k12engineering/designprocess 

Research - The problem: 

I think the problem would mostly because of the shape; the stars and the sun due to its colour, yellow. I don't know if the 3D printer will be able to print it but I do hope that it will since it's a 3D printer. 

Imagine - Possible solutions to the problem:

I think I'll just maybe paint it

Use coloured pens

Use coloured paper

Plan - Selecting a promising solution:

I think the best solution to the problem if it did happen is to paint the shapes that I need to paint. 

Create - Making a prototype:

Test - Testing and evaluating the prototype: 

I don't think there will be much time to actually print it in a 3d printer because today is the last day 

of school for this term and next semester, I don't have Creative Manufacturing anymore. 

Improve - Making your design better and redesigning if needed: 

I think what I need to improve on my design is to make sure the rays of the sun is accurate, the same as the rays of the sun in the Philippine flag. 

Ask - Identify the need and constraints: 

I've asked feedback from people in my class, they said it's good and there's nothing to change. 

Critical Literacy Picture - Power to the People

Look at this picture, discuss in your group and answer the questions.

What assumptions, beliefs and values does the illustrator bring to the text? 

That kids should be at school, being educated, learning but instead they are to fight in wars in order to attain justice and rights. 

What view of the world does it show?

It just shows that the world is not perfect. That there are families suffering from humanitarian crises. 

How would the text be different if it were told in another time, place or culture?

It would still be the same. Because even though the time, place and culture is different, nothing will change with the disaster that is happening. 

ESOL - Collective Noun for Cats

For ESOL, we needed to make a blogpost about collective nouns and the adjectives of the animal we have chosen. I chose the animal "Cat".

Key Words:
- Collective Noun refers to a team or a group of people, things or animals (noun).
- Adjectives are words used for describing things/describing words.

Fun Facts/Simple Sentences:

• A house cat is genetically 95.6% tiger. 
• The oldest known pet cat existed 9,500 years ago.
• Isaac Newton invented the cat door.
• There are over 500 million domestic cats in the world.
• Older cats can act aggressively towards kitten. 
• Cats have whiskers on the backs of their front legs. 
• Cat's rough tongue can lick a bone clean of any shred of meat. 

Very Short Sentences:

• The cat had fluffy fur.
• Cats are lazy animals.
• The cat sat on her lap.
• Cats are flexible animals.

Cats on Biteable.

Poster - Heroes & Villains - Hurumanu - Power to the People

Following up to the topic "Heroes and Villains", for our next, we had to make a poster that has 5 key points from the timeline (By the way if you don't know what I'm talking about, it's on my previous blogpost, the timeline I made). And of course, we had to do the Hero/Villain we did on our timeline. Yes, it's about Kate Sheppard. I made mine using Canva (It's a really good website which you can make presentations on, there are heaps of template to choose from).

I really like how my poster turned out, it's very clear, you can read the words properly. There is a lot of useful information about her and her life. It's very simple, the colours go well with her photo and it was a good decision that I put flowers.

This is my poster.

Heroes & Villains - Power to the People - Hurumanu

In this lesson, we were told to research about a Hero or a Villain, not the Marvel Heroes or Disney Villains but a hero whose done a good deed, someone who changed the world for the better, who was a good influence to people, a good leader. A villain is an opposite. 

After researching, we had to make a timeline about it. I made my timeline using Canva. I researched about Kate Sheppard.  

Creative Manufacturing - ID Tag Tinkercad DLO

Hi peeps! Today, I made an ID Tag digitally using "Tinkercad" and recorded it using "Screencastify".

1. On the shape icon, click the "box" shape then put it on the work mat.

2. Adjust the size, the width has to be 20 and the length has to be 45 long, the height and the radius have to be 5. Change the colour to grey to represent the aluminium's colour.

3. Click the cylinder shape then the length and width have to be 5 including the height.

4. Make sure it's changed to a "hole" instead of a "colour", in order to make a hole on the aluminium/shape, put the cylinder in the shape, select the two shapes together then click the button that connects shapes together, and it will make a hole.

5. Click the cone shape, make sure it's a hole, not a colour, adjust everything to 5, make sure it's upside down then put it in the hole that you made on the digital aluminium. Select both shapes together and connect them.

6. Click the text, you'll also find it on the shapes icon. Then writedown anything you want to put on the aluminium. I just put my initials "SA", then make sure it's a whole, then select and connect. There you'll have your finish product!.

Conclusion: I really liked my digital version of the aluminium id tag, I like that it looked similar to the real-life one; how it turned out. It's nice to actually learn how to use Tinkercad, especially for educational use.

Sustained Silent Reading - Hurumanu - Power to the People

Escaping war: Mother of two becomes Christchurch's first female Afghan lawyer. 

Article by Marine Lourens

People in the story: 

Nazira Afzali 

Javid Afzali

Keywords: 

Taliban Members

- An Islamic group that ruled Afghanistan. 

-  Fighting because they want their rulers to be in charge of Afghanistan. 

- They want to turn the country into what they believe would be the world's purest Islamic country. 

The article tells a story about Nzaira Afzali, the hardships she and her family faced, the discrimination and poverty. 

The story really aspires me to work hard because not everyone gets the same opportunity, not everyone receives an opportunity, not everyone can afford education. That everyone goes through hardships to achieve something. "It is all about being a good human. No matter what religion you are or where you come from, you can always contribute to the society you live in." 

Business Studies - Opportunity Cost

In our lesson in Business Studies, we learnt about opportunity cost. Opportunity Cost means losing something when you've chosen your first alternative (there is also another definition on the video).
We were given a scenario and was told to share what we've learnt today in our blog, such as the definition of opportunity cost. I made mine using Powtoon.

Opportunity cost helps us to make better and more profitable decisions. It allows us to compare relative prices which is the total value of each option and decide which offers the best value for our money, it also allows us to compare the benefits of each alternative.

I've put the scenario and explained which one is the opportunity cost of the scenario is.

Hurumanu - P.E

For P.E, we had to answer questions after doing each of 7 basketball drills.

Who created basketball? James Naismith

What was his occupation? He's a 31-year-old graduate student,  graduated from Presbyterian College in Montreal with a theology degree.

Where did marathon start? Athens, Greece

When did marathon start? April 10 1896

Types of Government (Political Systems) - Power to the People - Hurumanu

My group and I finished our presentation of "Types of Government". I had Shiela and Rieya in my group. Each of us worked on different governments. The first thing we did was to research each type of government; definitions, how a country works with a particular government and pros and cons, we then put it in a shared doc before we put it in the final presentation, which is in a google slideshow.

After we researched the definitions of the governments and also the pros and cons. We made our map that has 5 countries of each political systems, we coloured the countries, labelled it and put a frame. After that, we researched a leader of each government; how long they've been leaders of the country and what kind of leader they were. All of the websites we used, we put the links on the last slideshow.

Everything you need to know about the 7 governments is in this slideshow. My friends and I worked really hard on this presentation. I hope every one of you learns something from reading this blog post.

ID Tag Finish Product - Creative Manufacturing

This is the last day of our project in Creative Manufacturing. I have finished making the edges and the surface of my aluminium smoother using a file and sandpaper. For this lesson, I just have to polish it and to stamp it using a nail punch, after that, I'll be done.

This is my friends and I's ID Tags. As you can see, there is a lot of improvement in our aluminium. Mine is in the middle, the top one is Janel's, she's polished her that's why hers is a little bit shiny.
Rieya's one is at the bottom. Our ID Tag, have different designs and words that we are going to be putting it.

I need to polish my aluminium thoroughly because there's a lot of scratches due to the sandpaper.

This is the final product

The lighting was really bad so I apologise if it came out like this (a bit dark) 

The one that has "MUM" in it was Rieya's mine was the "SA" (my initials)

Conclusion: I am satisfied with the finished product of my ID Tag but it could've looked better, the scratches were still visible. I really worked hard on this project, I spent a lot of time and my effort trying to make this look really good and practically useful. 

Something I dislike: To be honest, the people in my class works really slow, they take so long to polish their aluminium, it should only take around 2 minutes but they took 7 minutes and they take turns even though one hasn't finished and they were also chatting a lot.

Tools/Machine:

To polish the aluminium to make it shiny and remove the scratches, I used the "Buffing Machine".

Since we didn't have gloves, we used "Pliers" to hold the aluminium in place while polishing it on the buffing machine. 

To protect our face, we wore safe helmets while a face shield on it.

Hurumanu - P.E - Table Tennis and Juggling

For the past few weeks, we have been playing table tennis, practising our skills, learning tricks and trying to improve on playing. We also learnt how to juggle, using different techniques and giving all types of juggling a try.

At first, I wasn't good with playing table tennis but the more I played, the more I practised and try to improve, I think that I have gotten better at it and I'm really proud because when we had to verse our classmates, I won a few games.

I've never done juggling before so yeah I didn't have a good start 😂. But of course, the more you play or do something you've never done or tried before, the more you'll improve and get better. It takes time to be better at something. Thankfully, I did get better at it. I was also not afraid to try other things in juggling such as devil sticks, spinning plates, juggling diabolo, juggling rings, juggling balls, and juggling scarves.

It was a really fun coordination unit. I've learnt a lot of things, skills and I had more knowledge about table tennis and juggling.

These are photos of me doing table tennis.

These are the photos of me doing table tennis.

Marshmallow Catapult - Hurumanu - Science

Marshmallow Catapults

Hypothesis: My hypothesis was that this was going to work and that there will be two energies in this activity. 

Equipment:

1. 1 clean cup
2. 1 balloon
3. 1 pair of scissors
4. 1 marshmallow

Method:

1. Cut the bottom off the cup with the scissors.
2. Cut the balloon halfway along the neck.
3. Stretch the balloon over the bottom of the cup. You may find this a bit tricky to start with, but after making a few it becomes easy.
4. Pop your marshmallow into the cup.
5. Fire the missile by pulling the knotted neck of the balloon back and letting it go. You will be surprised at how far it can travel2
6. The open end will fold together when you stretch the balloon, but this will not stop the missile from firing.

Results (Describe what you saw, take a pic/video): I think that this was a very fun and successful activity. 

This was the photo of how it looked like

Discussion (What were the energy changes happening, explain what you saw): This activity includes two energies which are Elastic and Kinetic Energy. It is elastic energy because I am pulling or stretching the balloon in order to create energy. When pulling a balloon, it is kinetic energy because I am doing a motion while pulling the balloon.

Conclusion (Was your hypothesis correct, did the experiment work?): My conclusion was right, the marshmallow catapult worked. I had heaps of fun playing it with my friends, the two energies I thought of and wrote down were right.

Keywords:        Kinetic Energy     ,      Elastic Energy

- Kinetic energy is due to the motion of objects and people like moving cars, swimming and running. 

- Elastic potential energy is energy stored in stretched or squashed objects like rubbers and springs.

Women Leaders Who Created Change - Power to the People

Today in our lesson of Power to the People, I have finished my DLO about "Women Who Created Change". The women who are in my DLO are Kater Sheppard, Jacinda Ardern, Dame Whina Cooper and Mother Teresa.
I used the site Piktochart to create my DLO, there is 1 slide for each woman. I've written information about their lives like their early lives and how they changed the world.

This is the link: https://create.piktochart.com/output/46840818-my-visual